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3D real-time path planning of UAVs in dynamic environments

机译:动态环境中无人机的3D实时路径规划

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摘要

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are taking active roles in personal, commercial, industrial and military applications due to their efficiency, availability and low-cost. UAVs must operate safely and in real-time in both static and dynamic environments. An extensive literature review, defines the dynamic environment term, the need for dynamic path planning and reviews different solutions. This paper presents a 3D real-time path planning platform to assess the performance of the A* and RRT algorithms. Four test scenarios with varying difficulty are constructed consisting of V-obstacles, cubes and 2D planes moving at time-varying speed, direction and orientation. Two rationales to either wait or move further in the direction of the goal when an intermediate goal point is not available are considered. Results show that for both A* and RRT the moving variant case performs better especially in complex scenarios. RRT performs better in simple scenarios and complex scenarios at low speed while A* performs better at high speeds in complex scenarios. A success rate of over 95% is recorded for three scenarios for all considered speeds and for both algorithm.
机译:由于其效率,可用性和低成本,无人驾驶航空公司(无人机)在个人,商业,工业和军事应用中采取积极的作用。无人机必须在静态和动态环境中安全地和实时运行。广泛的文献综述,定义了动态环境期限,需要动态路径规划和评论不同的解决方案。本文介绍了3D实时路径规划平台,以评估A *和RRT算法的性能。具有不同难度的四个测试场景由V-障碍,立方体和2D平面以时变速,方向和方向移动而构建。考虑到中间目标点的目标方向等待或进一步移动的两个理性。结果表明,对于A *和RRT,移动变形案例尤其在复杂场景中更好地执行。 RRT在简单的情况下执行更好,并且在低速下的复杂场景,而a *在复杂的方案中以高速执行更好。对于所有考虑的速度和两种算法,3场景记录了超过95%的成功率。

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