An 111pW Voltage Reference with a Diode-Leakage-Decoupling Replica for High-Temperature Miniature IoT Systems

摘要

A miniature Internet-of-Thing (IoT) system has been an attractive solution for a variety of applications such as biomedical, infrastructure, and energy resource monitoring. The small wireless device enables to continuously monitor important parameters in a limited space with minimally disturbing characteristics of a target object. They demonstrate a potential use of the miniature IoT system in high-temperature environment including automotive, aerospace, and geothermal. However, to implement a robust small system for the high-temperature application, there are two significant challenges in designing its necessary building blocks and their required circuits. First, the small system form factor limits physical size of a battery and thus battery capacity. Thus, circuits of the system should consume low power for reasonable system lifetime. A 3.8mm^{2 thin film battery only has a battery capacity of $5 mu$ Ahr. An advanced millimeter-scale system using this type of batteries consumes only 8nW in standby mode. Second, circuits in the system should operate over a wide range of temperature including a typical minimum outdoor condition (- 20°C [1]) and the maximum target temperature (e.g., $gt 125^{circ}mathrm{C})$.}