Energy management is critical in electronic systems and an adequate energy transfer is fundamental. Recent circuit requirements lead us to solutions such as the digital controllers, which can accommodate the classical control methods and new algorithms impractical in analog circuits. The linear-quadratic regulators (LQR) offer interesting properties that can be used to control a DC-DC Buck Converter. LQR, when applied with a Kalman State Estimator, can implement a control method that only senses the output voltage, avoiding a current sensor. In this work, a low sampling frequency Digital LQR with a Digital Kalman State Estimator with Buck Converter, working at 2 MHz, is implemented in Matlab. Classical control methods, such as Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) with High-Frequency Pole, Average Current-Mode with external Voltage compensation loop, Analog LQR with Kalman State Estimator and the Digital LQR are implemented in Matlab for comparison purposes.
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机译：能量管理在电子系统中至关重要，而充分的能量传递则至关重要。最近的电路要求使我们找到了诸如数字控制器之类的解决方案，该解决方案可以适应经典控制方法和模拟电路中不可行的新算法。线性二次稳压器（LQR）提供了有趣的特性，可用于控制DC-DC Buck转换器。与卡尔曼状态估计器一起使用时，LQR可以实现仅检测输出电压的控制方法，而无需使用电流传感器。在这项工作中，在Matlab中实现了工作在2 MHz的低采样频率Digital LQR和带Buck转换器的Digital Kalman State Estimator。传统的控制方法，例如具有高频极点的比例积分微分（PID），具有外部电压补偿环路的平均电流模式，具有卡尔曼状态估计器的模拟LQR和数字LQR，已在Matlab中实现，以进行比较。
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