Abstract: We report a simple rate equation analysis taking into account the gain saturation to analyze the pitchfork bifurcation polarization bistability in laser diodes (LDs), as well as the rate equation analysis taking into account detunings of incident optical beam from the cavity resonant frequency of an LD. We show some of our experimental results displaying pitchfork bifurcation polarization bistability and the all-optical flip-flop operation in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). We experimentally obtained the pitchfork bifurcation polarization bistability by using a trigger optical input in the VCSEL. We achieved the ultra- fast polarization bistable switching with a switching time of 7 ps by using picosecond optical trigger pulses. !11
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