Porous injectable bio-hybrid hydrogels facilitate cell infiltration and pro-M2 macrophage polarization

摘要

Conclusions: In a rat hindlimb muscle injection model, interconnected pores were formed in a thermoresponsive polymer injectate as a result of porogen dissolution. This porous structure promoted cell infiltration. Blending a UBM digest into the PME hydrogel led to further cellular infiltration and evidence of macrophage polarization toward a more constructive phenotype. This porous, biohybrid thermoresponsive polymer design may be applicable in cardiac injection therapy and other applications where injectable, temporary bulking functionality is desirable.