Introduction of Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population (Adults)

摘要

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the development of Chinese Exposure Factors Handbook, giving an overview of the structure, contents, methods, and recommendation value. The development process of the Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population (Adults) (CEFH-A) was designed into two steps. On the first step, the Environmental Exposure Related Human Activity Patterns Survey of Chinese Population (Adults) (CEERHAPS-A) was carried out in order to fill in the major data gap especially time activity patterns data, drinking water intake data etc. At the same time, data from other sources were collected. After critical evaluation of the data sources, the recommended values were retrieved and the handbook was developed. There're twelve exposure factors in the CEFH-A. The recommended values are in the group of urban/rural and male/female since difference of exposure factors between urban and rural population are an obvious pattern. The differences of CEFH-A with other countries/regions are in terms of a) the Ways of development and data sources, b) the Structure and content, c) the data presenting format and d) the recommended vales. The recommended value of exposure factors in CEFH-A are different from not only western but also eastern countries, in terms of not only physical characteristics like body weight, surface area etc. but also behavior factors like outdoor air, showering/bathing time etc. The CEFH-A is the first exposure factors handbook in China. By filling the data gap it will improve the accuracy of exposure assessment and risk assessment in Chinese population Future steps like studies on soil ingestion rate, air exchange rate, consumer products etc and children's exposure factors handbook is needed.