Class Room, Playground, Gallery developed within Educational Theories in the UK and their Introduction to Japan in the 19th Century

摘要

In the late 19th century, Japan adopted a British model for school design consisting of a 'class room', 'playground', and a 'gallery'.These three elements influenced the formation of Japanese elementary schools.The aim of this paper is to clarify the origin of them, which relate to British educational theories and their founders, in particular, the educational theories written by Samuel Wilderspin (1792-1866) and David Stow (1793-1864), and to follow their development throughout the 18th century.This paper will also discuss the introduction of them in Japanese schools, their translation into 'Kyoushitsu教室', 'Taisouzyou.体操場',and 'Koudou講堂' and the ways in which they differ from the British models.