Lifecycle Evaluation of Urban Commercial Electric Vehicles and their Potential Emissions Reductions Impacts

摘要

This research quantifies the environmental costs associated with the replacement of diesel truckswith electric vehicles. Lifecycle environmental benefits are quantified both in terms of vehiclemanufacturing/salvage and operational emissions reductions using “wells-to-wheels”methodology. The emissions estimation of the two types of vehicles includes CO2, NOx, SO2,PM, CO, and VOCs. Emissions cost breakeven points are identified at which the cost ofoperating a conventional fleet and electrical fleet are identical. Although there is a wide range ofemissions externality costs per ton, the results show that the emissions differences from replacinga conventional delivery truck with an electric truck can be substantial. The effects ofelectrification of a certain portion of suitable trucks are quantified for the Oregon statewide fleetand the US nationwide fleet.