Institutional and Individual Influences on Scientists' Data Sharing Behaviors: A Multilevel Analysis

摘要

The objective of this research is to investigate the institutional and individual factors which influence scientists' data sharing behaviors across different scientific disciplines, Two theoretical perspectives, institutional theory and theory of planned behavior, are employed in developing a research model, which shows the complementary nature of the institutional and individual factors influencing scientists' data sharing behaviors. This research uses a survey method to examine to what extent those institutional and individual factors influence scientists' data sharing behaviors in diverse scientific disciplines. The national survey (with 1,317 scientists in 43 disciplines) shows that regulative pressure by journals normative pressure at a discipline level and perceived career benefit and scholarly altruism at an individual level have significant positive relationships with data sharing behaviors and that perceived effort has a significant negative relationship. Regulative pressure by funding agencies and the availability of data repositories at a discipline level and perceived career risk at an individual level were not found to have any significant relationships with data sharing behaviors.