ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY’S SAFEGUARDS SYSTEM

摘要

In order to be prepared for the challenges ahead, the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) needs to improve its capabilities to apply effective and efficient safeguards at declarednuclear facilities, as well as to investigate potential and actual undeclared nuclear activities.President Obama recognized this fact when he called for “more resources and authority” for theIAEA in his April 5, 2009, speech in Prague. In general, the IAEA can improve its safeguardssystem by encouraging broader adherence to comprehensive safeguards agreements, modifiedsmall quantities protocols, and the Additional Protocol (AP), as well as by making more robustuse of its existing safeguards authorities. This paper makes several general recommendations forstrengthening the nonproliferation regime, especially through the improvement of the IAEA’ssafeguards system.