EVOLVING SAFEGUARDS IMPLEMENTATION

摘要

Since the mid-1990s, IAEA safeguards have continued to evolve to make greater use of allsafeguards relevant information about a State in the planning, conduct and evaluation ofsafeguards activities and in the drawing of safeguards conclusions. Recently, thisevolutionary process has become more focused, drawing upon the experience that has beenacquired in the implementation of integrated safeguards in countries with both acomprehensive safeguards agreement (CSA) and an additional protocol (AP) in force and forwhich the IAEA has drawn the broader conclusion. The primary consideration continues tobe given to improving safeguards effectiveness and efficiency through the application of theState-level concept to States with a CSA in force, with particular emphasis on those with botha CSA and an AP in force. The broader safeguards conclusion that can be drawn andmaintained in relation to the latter States continues to offer the best opportunity to movesafeguards implementation further away from the mechanistic implementation of genericsafeguards criteria focused on nuclear material and related facilities in a State towardssafeguards implementation that is focused on the State as a whole. This paper will provide anoverview of the efforts undertaken by the Department of Safeguards to enhance safeguardsimplementation in CSA States. In doing so, it will endeavour to clarify issues of terminologyand to address misperceptions that have been identified.