EVOLVING SAFEGUARDS IMPLEMENTATION

摘要

Since the mid-1990s, IAEA safeguards have continued to evolve to make greater use of all safeguards relevant information about a State in the planning, conduct and evaluation of safeguards activities and in the drawing of safeguards conclusions. Recently, this evolutionary process has become more focused, drawing upon the experience that has been acquired in the implementation of integrated safeguards in countries with both a comprehensive safeguards agreement (CSA) and an additional protocol (AP) in force and for which the IAEA has drawn the broader conclusion. The primary consideration continues to be given to improving safeguards effectiveness and efficiency through the application of the State-level concept to States with a CSA in force, with particular emphasis on those with both a CSA and an AP in force. The broader safeguards conclusion that can be drawn and maintained in relation to the latter States continues to offer the best opportunity to move safeguards implementation further away from the mechanistic implementation of generic safeguards criteria focused on nuclear material and related facilities in a State towards safeguards implementation that is focused on the State as a whole. This paper will provide an overview of the efforts undertaken by the Department of Safeguards to enhance safeguards implementation in CSA States. In doing so, it will endeavour to clarify issues of terminology and to address misperceptions that have been identified.