Foreign object debris (FOD) at airports can cause damage that is very costly to airlines, airports, and airport tenants. Some of the most common FOD are fragments and rocks from concrete pavement made with aggregates containing deleterious materials. FOD can injure airport personnel and damage airplanes. Thus, the presence of deleteriously expansive constituents in the aggregates used in airfield pavements is potentially hazardous. Due to these reasons, aggregates used in airfield pavements often require specifications and testing procedures different than aggregates for general use in concrete. The Unified Facilities Guide Specification (UFGS) has been specifically used in specifying airfield pavement construction for military services. Federal agencies have recently been adopting the UFGS specification for various airfield pavement construction projects.
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