The German automotive industry has defined standardized modeling, validation, and documentation guidelines for creating simulation models for airbags in form of in-house standards.This guideline aims at creating a single simulation model for all applications in the field of the occupant protection simulation. This implies that an airbag model must represent all load cases relevant to occupant protection in prognosis-capable form.One essential part of this guideline is the requirement to comply with a clearly defined model quality. The model quality must be validated by means of tests performed in the actual load spectrum of an airbag. The load spectrum is, for example, defined by the different Euro-NCAP and US-NCAP requirements, supplemented by additional requirements from "out-of-position" and "in-position" load cases.This document exemplifies the application of this standardized guideline for a vehicle type-independent driver airbag module of the equipment company ATIWE. The system developer TAKATA is the supplier for the airbag components. All required work has been performed with TAKATA as cooperation partner. The related individual tasks are based on the core structure of the guideline:1.Modeling 2.Validation6.Documentation Modeling comprises dimensional and physical representation of the airbag module. This addresses in particular the challenge of implementing the airbag folding, characterizing the gas generator, and describing the material properties of the airbag module.The validation is based on impactor tests for different operating configurations, which differ in the impactor's energy input, the deployment configuration, and the different sizes of the vents. A simulation model is considered validated, if the kinematic mechanism, airbag unfolding and positioning, as well as the measured pressure curves, accelerations, speeds, and distances all concur with the test results of all configurations. The quantitative evaluation of the validation quality is performed using the analysis and correlation program CORA.The requirements specified in the documentation section are to ensure a complete and standardized documentation.
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