How to address aviation’s full climate impact best from an economic point of view? – AviClim project overview and first results

摘要

International aviation is a substantial emitter of CO2 and additionally contributes to climate change by short-lived non-CO2 effects, such as emission of NOX or triggered contrails and contrail cirrus (e.g., Sausen et al., 2005): In 2005, aircraft-induced CO2 contributed 1.6% to the total anthropogenic radiative forcing (RF). If the non-CO2 climate effects are also considered, aviation’s contribution to total RF is about three times as large, i.e., 4.9% (Lee et al., 2009). Whilst international aviation’s CO2 emissions are regulated in a number of countries by marketbased measures, this is not the case for aviation’s non-CO2 climate impacts. The interdisciplinary research project AviClim (Including Aviation in International Protocols for Climate Protection) explores the feasibility for including aviation’s CO2 and non-CO2 climate impacts (aviation-induced clouds, NOX emissions, water vapour emissions, sulphur emissions, etc.) in international protocols for climate protection. In addition, the associated economic impacts are studied.From an economic point of view, the implementation of a charge or an emissions trading scheme for selected non-CO2 * Corresponding Author. Tel.: ++49 2203 601 2187; fax: ++49 2203 601 2377. E-mail address: Janina.Scheelhaase@dlr.de -gases and substances could be considered among other options. Also, operational measures such as climate optimized flight-paths could be a viable option. The economic and environmental impacts of introducing selected reduction measures will be investigated by employing a DLR-developed simulation model. This paper provides an overview of the AviClim research project and presents first results.