The need for transparent electrodes as electrical contacts for inorganic and organic light emitting diodes, solar cells and flat panel displays has been strongly increasing during the last few years due to the extensive market growth in these areas. The solutions available on the market today fulfill the complex demands on low resistivity, high transmittance, large area and low cost deposition, ability for fine patterning, light scattering and precise alignment of the electronic structure to surrounding metals and semiconductors only partially.The cooperation of five Fraunhofer Institutes shown in Table 1 aims towards establishing fundamental knowledge and control about the defect chemistry and morphology of the transparent conductive oxides to achieve materials with outstanding properties such as ZnO:Al films with doping efficiency exceeding 80 %, n-type TCO films based on TiO_2:Nb and Zn-stannates and Ag multilayers with optimized work function. New p-type TCOs are being developed using advanced PVD and Sol-Gel techniques.Using the new materials for device applications, we expect a strong impact towards more advanced and more efficient products. First results of our work addressing band structure simulation, material and process development are shown.
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