Precision Engineering of Neuroprotective Prosthesis for application in Fibular and Tibial Nerves

摘要

The recovery of lesions in peripheral nerves is usually painful and time consuming. In addition, nervous recovery can be compromised by patient movements in the surrounding region. Recovery therapies may be impaired by motion, or even, a worsening of overall health may occur in these cases. In order to stabilize movement of peripheral nerves in the affected region, a Neuroprotective Prosthesis (NPP) was designed to promote nerve reconstruction by Tissue Engineering. A bioresorbable scaffold in tubular shape with 80% of porosity is implanted to wrap the affected nerve and perform its anchorage and protection. After nerve recovery, the bioresorbable material should be totally integrated with no need of a second surgery for prosthesis removal. Design methodology was based on mechanical behaviour requirements. First, histological studies were conducted in cadavers. Fibular and Tibial Nerves were measured in different sections both relaxed and stretched. Three-dimensional computational models were created for a static numerical analysis simulating flexion and stretch with material mechanical properties. The results were considered satisfactory for flexion efforts, the most critical during prosthesis implant surgery. Thus, it was possible to simulate the mechanical behaviour of the Neuroprotective Prosthesis and to suggest a special attention in its positioning during the surgery to promote stretch relief in peripheral nerves.