HYDROLOGICAL MODELING USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

摘要

Accurate modeling will require estimation of the spatial and temporal distribution of the water resources parameters. During the last decades engineers and planners have shown the increasing interest of applying Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and satellite based Remote Sensing (RS) technologies to extract land surface parameters, which exist as a threshold in early days to approach reasonable results in hydrologic modeling. With the advancement of the computer technology, GIS and RS have become efficient tools to integrate the spatial and non-spatial databases for the hydrological modeling. In this study a hydrological model was developed for the Bata River basin, which is one of the tributaries of the Yamuna river basin in India. Infiltration losses, Unit hydrograph and river routing are the main model components. ILWIS, ERDAS and AutoCAD Map software were used. Satellite based RS and GIS techniques were used to estimate the spatial variation of the hydrological parameters, which are used as input to the model. Survey of India (SOI) topomaps, field data, IRS LISS 111multy temporal satellite data for rabi and kharief seasons and IRS pan data were used. SCS curve number and unit hydrograph methods were used for the infiltration losses and synthesis of unit hydrographs respectively. The complete watershed was divided into 10 sub areas, where hydrographs were synthesized by routing the hydrographs along the river reach. Muskingum hydrological routing method was used for river routing. The model is capable of forecasting the runoff for given event of rainfall and deriving the hydrographs for the required duration.