Balance of Demand and Supply of Parking Spaces

摘要

It is always a controversial issue on whether the demand and supply of parking spaces should be balanced. This paper investigates the effects of balancing the parking demand and supply. A bilevel programming model is proposed to determine the minimum supply of parking space required taking into account the elasticity effects of road congestion and parking delays on parking demands. The lower-level problem is an equilibrium trip distribution/assignment problem with variable parking delay, while the upper-level problem is to minimise the total number of parking spaces in traffic zones by considering motorists' route and destination choice bheaviour and satisfying the attraction-end parking demand constraints. A sensitivity analysis based heuristic algorithm is develoepd to sovle the proposed bilevel problem and is illustrated with a numerical example.