EconomicCrossover Parameters For Outsourcing Water Treatment Equipment

摘要

Outsourcing water treatment systems is an attractive alter-native to installing permanent systems. The current industry trend favors leased and outsourced systems for demineralized water applications when water demands are small and no pretreatment system is required. This paper provides economic crossover parameters for power plant applications, taking life cycle costs into consideration, including operation and maintenance (O&M) and capital costs, auxiliary load and heat rate penalties, O&M personnel requirements, and other economic considerations. Furthermore, the paper establishes ground rules for such comparisons between outsourced and permanent water treatment systems considering demineralization of water as well as impact on other power plant systems. Water production costs and