Sea Water Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Propulsion For marine vehicles offers many unique features. There is no need for propellers, and therefore no noise associated that. Gear reduction system for the shafts is thus no longer needed. It offers maneuverbility by directional thrusts along with quietness. The theories of MHD pump jet propulsion are discussed in detail in this paper. A so-called "dual-control-volume" analysis to model the MHD thruster, and calculations of vehicle velocity, power efficiency, and thrusts are presented. Different classes of underwater vehicles are considered. They include smaller vehicles such as torpedoes, remotely operated vehicles (ROV), underwater autonomous vehicles (UAV), up to larger ones such as submarines. The analytical results indicated that the speed performance increases proportionally with the sea-water conductivity, and with the square of the magnetic field strength. The energy efficiency calculation appeared to favor larger systems With longer MHD channels. The MHD thruster also offers reduced hydrodynamic drag, reduced maintenance, and decreased detectability
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