Tunnel Safety: two Approaches to consider Risks in Freight Railway Tunnels

摘要

Tunnel safety can be assessed using probabilistic and deterministic approaches. Both approaches have been applied to the tunnels of the Betuwe-line, a new railway line under construction. The conclusions that result from the analyses for these tunnels differ with regard to the need for ventilation, sprinklers and heat protection coatings. These differences in outcomes are analysed and potential resolutions are discussed.