The Effect of Sustainable tourism in the Planning of the Environment: a case study of Boujagh Coastal National Park

摘要

Retreat to nature is one way to escape from pressures of modern life, to achieve physical and mental relaxation. Interaction with interesting marine settings, as well as fascinating ecosystems of wetlands, grasslands, and estuaries, is increasingly on demand. These ecosystems are also where a large number of people live. The future health of these ecosystems is dependent upon the management and proper planning to accommodate, both tourism and native people who use these resources. To manage natural resources, we can dedicate some parts of the coastline as national parks. This action is often accompanied by the loss of traditional use rights by communities. On the other hand, Preservation and conservation of these areas incur huge costs in developing countries. Therefore, tourism development is offered in these areas. . Ecotourism is the only tourism development that is capable of expanding a partnership between national parks and the local people. It supports a wide rang of local economic activities and conserves the environmental, social, and cultural values. In return local people are encouraged to support conservation policies and play an active role in tourism development and the provision of tourist services. Boujagh coastal national park is the first coastal national park in Iran that it is located in Giulan province in the southern fringes of the Caspian Sea. This area includes two wetlands, a river, and a beach along the Caspian Sea, sandy coastline ecosystems, and lush extensive grasslands. Currently, this park is exploited by tourists and aboriginal communities without any preparations or planning, and there are no zoned areas according to the variety of natural and socio-cultural attractions of this park for tourists. In order to protect the national park and promote sustainable use of its resources, the first step is Evaluation of the ecological capabilities. In this study, the Gestalt evaluation method is used, and management plans are offered for responsible use of the park's resource.