Analysis of Composite Bridges in Practice-a Holistic Approach

摘要

Composite structures are often used in bridge engineering. In most cases steel girders are combinedrnwith a cast in place concrete slab, but composite systems with precast concrete girders are alsornwidely built. Although often applied in everyday structures, composite structures require challengingrndesign procedures due to the necessity of considering the difference in behaviour of the materialsrnand providing full connection between the structural parts.rnThese requirements are related to topics like properly considering the actual construction schedulernin order to assign different loading components to the respective structural system. Further specialrnneeds arise in the simulation of certain loadings such as self weight of wet concrete or temperaturerndifferences between the different materials. A third major problem is related to correct simulation ofrnlong time behaviour redistributing stresses from the concrete slab to the girders and to dealing withrnpre-stressing in case of structures with pre-stressed concrete girders.rnConsistent analysis procedures considering all these special problems have recently been developedrnand are presented herein. The solution allows for considering all required effects with sufficientrnaccuracy in comprehensive manner and in accordance with generally accepted theories.