Silicon micro-machining (SMM) has been used in automotive applications for several decades in the form of various sensors. This paper reviews the application of SMM to fuel injector nozzles. After a general description of the requirements of a fuel injector, the development of the silicon micro-machined injector nozzle is presented. The concept of turbulence generator for improved fuel atomization is introduced and its implementation as a Compound (CSMM) nozzle is described.
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