180 Years of telecommunication in Russia

摘要

In capital of Russian empire, St.-Petersburg, on October, 21st, 1832 the Russian diplomat and outstanding scientist Baron Pavel L'vovitch Shilling in his big 5-rooms apartment in the house on Tsaritsyn meadow (now Marsovo pole, 7), has arranged the public demonstration of the first electromagnetic telegraph invented by him. So in Russia there was first-ever suitable to practical use an electromagnetic telegraph. This day now is considered as birthday of Russian telecommunication. In this paper we briefly present the biography of Pavel Shilling, describe how the first electromagnetic telegraph has been invented. We also present academician B. S. Jakobi (1801–1874) who continued works of Shilling and created more perfective electromagnetic telegraphs. Finally this paper shows the evolution of telegraph to the modern communication in Russia.