The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system (1),in particular a PEM fuel cell system; in which an anode region (2) of a fuel cell stack (3) of the fuel cell system (1) is supplied with hydrogen and recirculated anode exhaust gas as anode gas by means of a blower or pump (11), and in which, depending on the gas composition of the anode gas, theAnode area (3) is rinsed from time to time with hydrogen from a tank (9). According to the invention, to determine the gas composition of the anode gas, the power requirement of the blower or pump (11) is determined and the determined power requirement is determined by comparison with a reference valuepreviously determined for known gas composition, concluded to the current gas composition.The invention further relates to a control unit (10), a fuel cell system (1) and a vehicle having such a fuel cell system (1).
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