A pharmaceutical composition or a health functional food composition for preventing or treating Behcet's disease have Tetragenococcus halophilus, a culture thereof or a lysate thereof. In addition, a pharmaceutical composition or a health functional food composition for preventing or treating a herpes simplex virus infection have Tetragenococcus halophilus, a culture thereof or a lysate thereof. The composition may further include a prebiotic compound. The Tetragenococcus halophilus produces lactate, and the lactate can be converted into short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate in the body, can control the expression of activating molecules of dendritic cells, and can effectively prevent or treat Behcet's disease or herpes simplex virus infection.
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