Process and Apparatus for the Liquefaction, Saccharification and Fermentation of Amylaceous Substances.

摘要

23,738. Boidin, A., and Effront, J. Oct. 20. Mashing processes; diastase.-A process for liquefying, saccharifying, and fermenting amylaceous materials consists in steeping the crushed grain at a temperature slightly below the starching - point, liquefying the steeped grain in a slightly alkaline medium at about 80‹ C. by means of liquefying bacilli of the species subtitis or mesentericus, saccharifying the resulting wort in a neutral or slightly acid medium by malt or fungi or other source of diastase, and then fermenting. Instead of malt &c., saccharifying- diastase produced from the liquefying-diastase by the addition of a salt and non-fermented nitrogenized materials reduced to flour, may be used for saccharifying the wort. Bacilli having high liquefying power are produced from common liquefying-bacilli by cultivating the latter repeatedly in highly nitrogenized wort at about 30‹ C., the cultures being made in a thin layer and under the influence of a current of air, which is diminished when the bacilli are fully developed. The diastase thus produced may be preserved by the addition of salt or formol, and the solutions may be precipitated by ammonium sulphate, or evaporated in vacuo. Apparatus for treating the grain comprises a steeping-vessel a for the grain and water, provided with wire-gauze b at the bottom and with a valve c. The water circulates through pipes d, d1 and a perforated ring t, and is heated by steam admitted to the pipe d' by a valve g. When the steeping is completed, the valves h, k are closed, and the valves c, l opened to allow the grain to pass to a screw conveyer m in a perforated container. The grain passes to a grinder o through a hopper n, and then to a jacketed vessel p containing water at 80-85‹ C. and the liquefying- diastase. The mixture passes to a liquefying- kneader r connected to a pump s. Specification 8447/09 is referred to.