216,691. Beaudequin, J. May 26, 1923. Carbonizing processes.-Artificial fuel is made from wood, brown coal, or peat, by disintegration, dehydration, partial distillation, compression and finally carbonization, by-products being recovered. Raw peat is disintegrated into a watery mud and caused to flow in channels provided with ledges to hold earthy impurities which sink to the bottom the mud like peat constituent being then filtered in porous vessels in which the water is separated and a felting or binding takes place. The powdered material is dried at a temperature of 150‹ C., then heated to 250‹ C. and freed from carbonic acid, acetic acid and pyroligneous acid, and the vapours, cooled in a tube g by a jacket i through which air is blown by a fan h, pass into condensers, acetate of lime being obtained. The permanent gases are burned in a furnace d and used for the drying and carbonizing. The dried product is briquetted into a press a, the pitch and tar constituents increasing the cohesion, and the resulting blocks are carbonized in a tube b maintained at 300‹ C., and pushed along by a, ram e to a cooling tube b1. Metal plates are inserted between successive blocks to act as heat distributors and prevent the blocks from sticking together. The hydrocarbons evolved combine with the material treated, and the gases and lighter products may be withdrawn by a pipe f and mixed with the distillates from the drying process. Petrol residues may be added to the material during the drying process. Light vegetable materials such as grass, leaves or moss may be decomposed bv fermentation, powdered and mixed with coal dust and subjected to the same treatment as the briquettes. When brown coal is treated, pyrites is deposited and may be employed for making sulphuric acid.
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