Process and apparatus for the preparation and recovery of light oil or motor fuel from crude mineral, or shale oil, or tar oils or from carbonaceous materials

摘要

277,042. Schultz, E. March 9, 1926. Mineral and tar oils, purifying.-In distilling crude mineral, shale or tar oils, coal, lignite, shale &c. to obtain a greater yield of light oils or motor spirit as described in Specification 254,011, the materials in the still or retort as well as the vapours are treated with purifying or converting materials, and the heavy fractions are also treated for conversion. Purifying or converting materials specified are lime mixed with zinc oxide or chloride, magnesium or calcium chloride, common salt or metallic sodium, the aluminium silicates known as montmorillonite, marialite or bentonite. bauxite and aluminium chloride. Carbonaceous material is heated in a retort A to temperatures up to about 760‹ F. Light vapours are drawn off by an exhauster 10 through pipes. 3 and are passed through a heated converter B and through condensers C, D to a collecting tank F. The condensate may be washed with acid, water, and caustic soda, and fractionally distilled, the vapours being treated with bauxite. The heavy vapours from the retort A pass by pipes 16 at the base of the retort to a separate converter.