Process of and apparatus for the conversion of crude mineral or shale oil or tar oils into light oil or spirit and for the preparation of light oil or spirit from coal, l ignite or other carbonaceous material

摘要

254,011. Schultz, A. March 25, 1925. Purifying oils.-Vapours from an oil still z or from an apparatus of the kind described in Specification 252,422, [Class 55 (i), Coking &c.], for distilling coal lignite or other carbonaceous material are treated to give a greater yield of low-boiling oils or spirit by passing them through a converter maintained at a lower temperature than the still or retort and containing lime together with zinc, zinc oxide or chloride, aluminium chloride., bauxite, magnesia, common salt, charcoal, coke, &c. The condensate is purified by acid and alkali treatment. The converter may be a vertical cylinder containing the materials on trays or holders, fitted with agitating blades and heated by the passage of the vapours. Alternatively a horizontal cylinder 7 heated by a separate furnace a may be used. The cylinder 7 is divided by partitions between which are screw plates carried by a central rotary shaft. The converting-materials may be passed continuously through the cylinder from an inlet hopper 12 to an outlet valve at the opposite end. If the vapours contain phenols or cresols, the inner surface of the converting chamber is tinned.