A process for the production of alkenes or alkene mixtures in a pure or substantially pure condition, or of derivatives thereof

摘要

In the production of alkenes or their derivatives from hydrocarbon mixtures obtained by cracking, in the absence of added reducing gases, initial materials containing paraffin wax and aromatic hydrocarbons, said initial materials are, prior to cracking, refined by means of chemical agents such as sulphuric acid or selective solvents such as liquid SO2 or furfurol to remove at least the greater part of the aromatics. Alkene derivatives include alkanes, alkanols, ethers, esters, and sulphonation products, but not lubricating oils obtained by polymerization. The initial material may be dissolved in a suitable solvent prior to refining. Materials specified are mineral oils or their distillates or residues, tar oils, brown coal paraffin oils, crude paraffin wax, and sweating oil. If aromatics are formed during the cracking they may be removed by a second refining step. A paraffinous petroleum distillate is extracted thrice at 80 DEG C. with furfurol. The raffinate is cracked in the vapour phase at 560 DEG C. with addition of steam, and the distillate fractionated. The fraction of 100--160 DEG C. is sulphated at 15 DEG C. with 90 per cent H2SO4, the product diluted, and the aqueous layer heated to 100 DEG C. Fractionation yields secondary alcohols C7 to C9. Specifications 268,774, [Class 2 (iii)], 296,429, 328,618, [both in Class 32], 368,955, [Group III], and 443,263 are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises the refining of the initial material by hydrogenation. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:In the production of alkenes or their derivatives from hydrocarbon mixtures obtained by cracking, in the absence of added reducing gases, initial materials containing paraffin wax and aromatic hydrocarbons, said initial materials are, prior to cracking, refined by means of chemical agents such as sulphuric acid or selective solvents such as liquid SO2 or furforol to remove at least the greater part of the aromatics. The initial material may be dissolved in a suitable solvent prior to refining. Materials specified are mineral oils or their distillates or residues, tar oils, brown coal paraffin oils, crude paraffin wax, and sweating oil. If aromatics are formed during the cracking they may be removed by a second refining step. A paraffinous petroleum distillate is extracted thrice at 80 DEG C. with furfurol and the raffinate is cracked in the vapour phase at 560 DEG C. with addition of steam. Specifications 268,774, [Class 2 (iii)], 296,429, 328,618, [both in Class 32], 368,955; and 443,263, [Group IV], are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises the refining of the initial material by hydrogenation. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.