Improvements in the recovery of valuable organic products, in particular liquid products, from solid carbonaceous substances by pressure extraction

摘要

The pressure extraction of solid carbonaceous materials with solvents is carried out in presence of catalysts comprising metals of the iron group or their compounds together with alkaline substances. The metals are preferably employed in a finely divided state. Oxides of nickel or iron or nickel nitrate may be used together with caustic soda or potash solutions or milk of lime. Solvents employed comprise benzines, middle oils, tars, cyclic organic compounds, e.g. tetrahydronaphthalene. The extraction is carried out at 200--500 DEG C. and under pressures of 20 to 200 atmos. Finely ground peat is dried and mixed with milk of lime and nickel nitrate and an equal quantity of middle oil obtained by destructive hydrogenation. The mixture is heated for 3 hours at 380 DEG C. under 90 atmos. pressure. 88a1/2e per cent of the peat is extracted. In a similar treatment brown coal is impregnated with solutions of caustic soda and ferric chloride.