Estimation of heavy elements - using x-ray fluorescence

摘要

Heavy elements are determined in the solid, liquid or gaseous states by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The sample is excited with a beta-emitter rather than a gamma-emitter, so simplifying the protective screening of the appts. - protective glass or aluminium rather than lead being adequate. 90Sr, 90Y, 99Tc and 204Tl are recommended beta-sources. The complex fluorescence emission is analysed with a non-dispersive semiconductor detector.