Analytical device and method for analysis of biochemicals, microbes and cells

摘要

An analytical device and a method for the analysis of biochemicals, microbes and cells using a piezoelectic crystal biosensor, utilises the resonant frequency change caused by weight change on the surface of the piezoelectric crystal on which receptor materials is immobilised.;Four piezoelectric crystals 161 are mounted in a common cell 164. Each crystal 161 has a pair of electrodes 162 connected by leads 163 to an oscillator circuit 166. The electrodes 162 of three of the crystals 161 are treated to deposit different lectins thereon and those of the fourth left untreated as a reference. A peristaltic pump 169 draws liquid through pipes 165 and cell 164 from a valve 1610 which is solenoid operated to draw from a blood sample supply 1612 or from another valve 1611 drawing from either a phosphate buffer solution reservoir 1613 or a removal agent reservoir 1614. The circuit 166 is connected to a frequency counter 167 whose outputs are fed to a computer 168 which controls the pump 169 and valves 1610 and 1611.;The crystals 161 are first resonated to establish their resonant frequencies. A blood sample is then drawn through the cell 164 by pump 169. Type A erythrocytes are attracted to one of the lectins, types A and B to another, and type O to the third. Phosphate buffer is then drawn through by adjustment of valves 1610 and 1611. Resonant frequencies are measured again and compared with those originally obtained. From the changes observed, determination of type is made by the computer. Removal agent is then drawn through to remove remaining erythrocytes and phosphate buffer drawn through to prepare for further samples.