An intumescent rubber or elastomeric composition comprises a rubber or elastomer containing: (a) one or more organic polyhydroxy compounds as carbonific; (b) one or more organic polyamido compounds in free and/or combined forms as spumific; (c) an ammonium phosphate as activator for the carbonific; and (d) an amino resin as binder; and in addition to or instead of components (a) to (d), (e) sodium silicate as an intumescent material, components (a) to (d) when present being intermixed with one another.
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