PURPOSE:To provide an optical branching filter learning device and an optical branching filter learning method capable of simplifying a processing at the time of learning and shortening the set-up time before starting data transmission. CONSTITUTION:Plural signals are independently generated (31), they are converted into plural lights whose wavelengths are different from each other (32, 33 and 34) and the lights of the plural wavelengths are synthesized (35.) The synthesized light is transmitted (36,) the transmitted light is branched into the lights of the respective wavelengths (38 and 39) and the branched lights are converted into electric signals (40). In the meantime, the plural signals are respectively transmitted (44) and the learning of a neural network 42 for reproducing the plural signals from the electric signals obtained by a photoelectric conversion means is performed by the electric signals obtained by the photoelectric conversion means and the plural signals transmitted by a second transmission means.
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