NEW LOW COST EXPLOSION ENGINE WITH INCREASED MECHANICAL EFFECTIVENESS, FUEL SAVING AND CONTROLLED POLLUTION.

摘要

New low cost explosion engine with increased mechanical efficiency, fuel economy and pollution control, comprising a main inserted bearing (22, 23) that supports a crankshaft provided with rotary motion to convert the sliding motion of one or more pistons ( 40) due to the pressure of a combustion system; said crankshaft being connected to said plunger (40) through a connecting rod (35) without or with crosshead and a piston shaft (41); said connecting rod (35) whose head is fixed to said crankshaft by inserted bearings (31) of connecting rod head for rotary movement and connecting rod foot (35) fixed to said piston shaft (41) through the bushing (36) connecting rod foot or directly to transmit the oscillating movement and said piston shaft (41) being connected directly to the shaft supports (41) of said piston (40) provided with piston sleeve (52) for guiding within the bore (56) of the cylinder to perform alternative movements; a camshaft (70) driven by said crankshaft to drive the intake and exhaust valves / injectors that control said combustion system; said camshaft (70) being supported by a cam bushing (60) or a cam wrist housing (71) in a cylinder head to transmit the rotational movement of said camshaft (70) to the sliding movement of a tack ( 80) within a tap follower or cam follower (90) inside a cam follower bore (100), a fuel injection pump roller tap (105) inside a pump roll tap bore fuel injection; a rocker (130) mounted on a rocker shaft (135) through a rocker bushing (120) or directly to transmit the intermittent reciprocating movement and cooperating on one side with a pushrod raised by said tap (80) and cooperating at the other end with a valve stem to operate said valves or injectors; lubricating oil used to lubricate the interfaces (21, 71, 81, 91, 101, 115, 116, 121, 145) of contact parts for lubrication; said combustion system aspirates a homogeneous mixture of fuel and air having a spark ignition device for ignition or with measured doses of fuel injected by an injection device controlled by a spring-regulated centrifugal advancement mechanism (178) for self-regulation of ignition or injection with respect to the angle of the crankshaft for an effective use of the combustion pressure acting on the head of said piston (40) without detonations or combustion noises and the combustion noises and the final combustion products leave said combustion system as exhaust emissions, characterized in that the lubricating system consists of: (a) at least one first lubrication groove (20, 32, 37, 42, 62, 73, 84, 92, 138) cross cut formed on the interfacial cylindrical bearing surface of the parts in contact on the inner surface of the main inserted bearing (22, 23), of the bearing in sewn (31) of connecting rod head, of crosshead bearing (41), of bushing (36) of connecting rod foot, of connecting rod foot (35), of piston shaft supports (41), of cam bushing (60), cam follower bore (100), fuel injection pump roller tap bore, rocker bushing (120), rocker arm (130) and on the outer surface of the jacket ( 52) piston, camshaft main wrist (71), rocker arm (135), tap (80), cam follower (90), roller tap of fuel injection pump (105) adopted as a reservoir to receive and distribute the oil from the supply source, the crossing point (24, 34, 38, 43, 55, 64, 94) being located in the areas of maximum effort to maintain a supply of oil suitable for cooling and reducing contact at the interface; (b) at least a second circular lubrication groove (26, 33, 40, 45, 50, 63, 74, 82, 94, 139) formed on the interfacial cylindrical bearing surface of the parts in contact on the outer surface of the piston sleeve (52), of the tap (80), of the cam follower (90), of the roll tap of the fuel injection pump (105), of the main camshaft wrist (71), of the rocker shaft (135) and on the inner surface of the main inserted bearing (22, 23), of the inserted rod head bearing (31), of the crosshead bearing (41), of the connecting rod foot bushing (36) , of the connecting rod foot (35), of the piston shaft supports (41), of the piston sleeve (52), of the cam bushing (60), of the cam follower bore (100), of the bore of the roller tap of the fuel injection pump, rocker bushing (120), and rocker arm (130) to receive and distribute the oil to said first lubrication groove (20, 32, 37, 42, 62, 73, 84, 92, 138) cross cut to maintain an adequate oil supply; (c) at least one third axial lubrication groove (51) that intersects with first (20, 32, 37, 42, 62, 73, 84, 92, 138) or second (26, 33, 40) lubrication grooves , 45, 50, 63, 74, 82, 94, 139) and / or in communication with an oil drain slot or hole (38, 53, 83, 122, 137, 146) formed on the outer surface of the jacket (52) piston to maintain a supply of lubricating oil suitable for proper sliding movement, cooling and to avoid contact due to the pushing force with said cylinder bore (56); (d) at least one deep groove in ¿v¿ (124) formed longitudinally in the upper surface of the rocker arm (130) for the forward transmission of oil evacuated to both ends, (e) at least one groove (141, 142) formed on the side or upper surface of the rocker arm (130) for the forward transmission of oil evacuated to both ends; and (f) presenting said spark-ignition device (178) or fuel injection (179) spring-regulated centrifugal weighing masses (170, 175) for self-regulation in proportion to the engine speed from idle to the maximum engine speed