Functionalized ionic liquids obtained by a new, more efficient and low-cost method, used as solvents in catalytic reactions or as extractants, entrainers, wash liquids, heat transfer media, surfactants, modifiers and plasticisers

摘要

New functionalized ionic liquids obtained by reacting an acrylic compound with the reaction product of an acid and an amine, phosphane, imidazole, pyrazole or pyridine compound. Ionic liquids of formula (A-CR1R2-CHR3-Y)+ X- (I), in which A = an amine residue of formula R4R5R5N or YCHR3-CR1R2-NR4R5 or the corresponding phosphane residues, an imidazole residue substituted on one nitrogen with the group R4 or YCHR3CR1R2-, a pyrazole residue substituted with R4 on one ring nitrogen or a pyridine residue substituted with R4, R5 and/or R6; X = an anion selected from PF6, BF4, CF3COO, CF3SO3, (CF3SO2)2N, (CF3SO2)(CF3COO)N, R7SO3, R7COO, Cl, Br, I, NO3, (CN)2, HSO4 or R7R8PO4; R1-R8 = H, optionally substituted 1-20C alkyl (aliphatic or alicyclic), heteroaryl or heteroaryl-(1-6C alkyl) with 3-8 C atoms in the heteroaryl group and at least one N, O and/or S atom, or 5-12C aryl or (5-12C aryl)-(1-6C alkyl) (both optionally substituted with 1-6C alkyl and/or halogen); Y = -COR9, -COOR9, -OCOR9, -OR9, -CONH2, -CN, -CONHR9, -CONR9R10, -NHR9 or -NR9R10; R9, R10 = as above for other R groups, except that alkyl groups may form an alicyclic ring by linking with R1 or R3 , not including compounds in which A = (a) an amine, X is Cl and Y is a methyl ester or phenyl ester group, or (b) an imidazole and Y is an ether group with a non-functionalized linear carbon chain . Independent claims are also included for (1) a method for the production of (I) by reacting an acrylic compound of formula R1R2C=CR3Y (II) with the reaction product (III) of an amine, phosphane, imidazole, pyrazole or pyridine compound (IV) and an acid (2) chemical reactions in which (I) is used as a solvent or solvent additive (3) a method for separating substances in which (I) is used as an extractant, entraining agent or washing liquid (4) a heat-transfer apparatus in which (I) is used as a heat-transfer medium (5) a process in which (I) is used as an additive, surfactant, modifier or plasticiser .