New ionic liquids such as tetraalkyl ammonium salts, benzyl trialkyl ammonium salts, tetraalkylphosphonium salt or benzyltrialkylphosphonium salt, useful e.g. as a solvent and phase transfer catalyst in chemical reactions

摘要

Compound (I) such as tetraalkyl ammonium salts, benzyl trialkyl ammonium salts, tetraalkylphosphonium salt or benzyltrialkylphosphonium salt, which is liquid at ambient temperature and exhibits at least two or more alkyl groups, is new. Independent claims are included for: (1) a composition comprising a benzyl compound of formula ([NR 1R 2R 3R 4] +[X] -) (85 wt.%) and water (0.01-10 (preferably 0.01-5) wt.%), where the maximum solubility of (I) in the maximum quantity of water is at 20[deg]C; (2) the use of an ionic liquid as a solvent, solvent additive, phase transfer catalyst, extracting agent or as a heat carrier; (3) a chemical reaction, which uses the ionic liquid as a solvent, solvent additive or phase transfer catalyst; (4) a material separation procedure, which uses the ionic liquid as a solvent or solvent additive; and (5) an apparatus for heat exchange, which uses the ionic liquid as a heat carrier or heat carrier additive. R 1a benzyl residue or 1-4C alkyl residue; R 2-R 48-24C-alkyl, preferably isotridecyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-propylheptyl, 2-butyloctyl, 2-hexyldecyl or 2-octyldodecyl; X : a halogenide-anion (chloride anion) or an alkylsulfate-anion of formula ([R 5SO 4] -); and R 51-12C alkyl residue.