METHOD OF POISON-GASES OR TOXIC CHEMICALS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTION AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD

摘要

FIELD: detoxification methods.;SUBSTANCE: invention can be employed for destroying all types of poison-gases and their mixtures as well as for decomposing toxic chemicals. Initial poison-gases or toxic chemicals are mixed with electrolyte comprising nucleophilic agent at volume ratio 1:(1-10) in apparatus provided with an energetic stirring means to form fine emulsion, said electrolyte comprising nucleophilic agent being solutions of alkali metal chlorides, sulfates, carbonates, nitrites, phosphates, or mixtures thereof. Emulsion is subjected to electrolysis at electrode current density between 0.2 and 2.0 kA/m², at emulsion flow velocity within electrolyzer interelectrode zone 0.1 to 2.0 m/s, pressure 1.0 to 10 kg/cm², and temperature 15 to 150^°C, after which electrolysis products are separated into gaseous and liquid masses in uniflow fast apparatus, wherein gaseous masses are simultaneously washed with additional electrolyte with nucleophilic agent and with a part of liquid electrolysis product mass from uniflow fast apparatus collected in receiver and freed from suspended impurities and slimes, while the other part of that liquid electrolysis product mass is returned through heat exchange apparatus to apparatus provided with an energetic stirring means. Process flow sheet of installation is presented and functioning of the installation is described with reference example of detoxification of lewisite and decomposition of phenol.;EFFECT: increased productivity of process and enabled carrying out detoxification poison-gases or toxic chemicals under steady, economical, and safe conditions while achieving complete conversion of poison-gases and toxic chemicals into nontoxic substances.;20 cl, 6 dwg