A method for modifying the aggregation potential of a metal oxide-containing surface

摘要

A method for modifying the aggregation potential of a metal oxide-containing surface which comprises contacting the metal oxide surface with an acidifying agent and a surface modifying agent under conditions such that the surface is chemically-modified. Also disclosed are methods of using a composition which comprises an acidifying agent and a surface modifying agent to alter aggregation potentials and/or zeta potentials of particles or surfaces during formation fracturing, drilling or oil production processes. The materials modified may be proppants, sand or formation material. The composition may be aqueous. The surface modifying agent may be amines or phosphines.