RADIOMETRIC METHOD OF EXCESS MEASUREMENTS OF RADIO-BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE

摘要

The invention relates to radiometry, in particular to measurement of temperature of remote bodies by power of SHF radiation and can be used in radiometers for high-accuracy measurement of temperatures of remote objects. Radiometric method of residual measurements of radio-brightness temperature is based on measurement of voltage EMBED Equation.3 corresponding to drift of zero of measuring channel with receiver at its short-circuit input and in storing value obtained, directing receiving antenna to object under investigation with noise resistance EMBED Equation.3 , with reception of noise signal from object under investigation in given frequency range EMBED Equation.3 , transformation to voltage EMBED Equation.3 of square average in given frequency range EMBED Equation.3 . The method differs by fact that additionally one forms normalized by power value noise signal that corresponds to radio-brightness temperature EMBED Equation.3 , with feeding it to receiving antenna together with signal from object under investigation. One transforms to voltage EMBED Equation.3 average square of output noise signal that is additive mix of normalized by value power of noise signal and signal from object under investigation in frequency range EMBED Equation.3 , with exclusion of effect of normalized by value power of noise signal on antenna, one increases frequency band by EMBED Equation.3 corresponding to increase of temperature by normalized by value increment EMBED Equation.3 till obtaining same value of voltage EMBED Equation.3 in frequency range EMBED Equation.3 , with remembering the value obtained. One sets output value of frequency range EMBED Equation.3 , with increasing frequency band by EMBED Equation.3 , corresponding to decrease of temperature by normalized by value increment EMBED Equation.3 , with transformation to voltage EMBED Equation.3 of average square value of output noise signal in given frequency range EMBED Equation.3 and value obtained is remembered. On real value of radio-brightness temperature one makes conclusion according to equation of residual measurements: EMBED Equation.3 , where EMBED Equation.3 . The invention provides high accuracy of measurements.