The invention provides nucleic acids comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and a nucleotide sequence encoding a fusion protein comprising thymidylate kinase (TMPK) or a variant thereof and a cell surface marker or a variant thereof. Recombinant expression vectors, host cells, populations of cells, pharmaceutical compositions, and kits relating to the nucleic acids are disclosed. Methods of treating or preventing a disease in a host and methods of suppressing an immune system in a host are also disclosed.
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