A motion vector indicating the amount of movement from past texture images is predicted and a texture image is encoded, for each block being part of an area configuring a texture image comprising brightness values for each pixel, and a prediction vector generation unit generates a prediction vector on the basis of: a motion vector for one block among the blocks; a motion vector for an adjacent block adjacent to the one block; a block for a depth map being a region corresponding to the one block, among depth maps comprising depth values indicating the distance from each pixel viewpoint; and a block for a reference depth map being a region corresponding to the one block, among reference depth maps being depth maps corresponding to the one block and encoded or decoded in the past. As a result, a prediction vector generation method, an image encoding method, and an image decoding method, etc., that achieve excellent coding efficiency are provided.
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