METHOD FOR ELIMINATING AND PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF ASPHALTENE AND PARAFFIN DEPOSITS IN OIL WELLS AND PIPELINES, APPARATUS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION THEREOF

摘要

The invention relates to the oil industry and is intended for eliminating and preventing the formation of asphaltene and paraffin deposits in oil-producing wells and oil pipelines. The technical result is a reduction in power consumption and an increase in well yield. This is achieved in that an electric cable to which N discharge units are attached is lowered into the borehole production tubing to a depth at which asphaltene and paraffin deposits are likely to occur. A discharge is generated at any one of a number of dischargers, localized heating occurs at the discharge site, the solid fractions of the petroleum fluid in the product are broken down, and precipitated asphaltene and paraffin deposits are eliminated. The apparatus for implementing the method comprises an electric cable which is introduced into the production tubing and has discharge units mounted thereon, which are comprised of the following electrically interconnected components: a unit for receiving and transmitting data to a surface control unit, a power supply, a controller, an echo sounding unit, a unit for receiving and processing sensor signals, a unit for controlling the parameters of the pulses generated by a pulse generator, a capacitor bank charging device, a unit for distributing pulses to the dischargers, a pulse generator, and a capacitor bank. Acoustic sensors and also temperature and pressure sensors are mounted inside the production tubing and in the annulus for the purpose of monitoring and controlling the process.