METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING DIABETES TYPE 2 BASED ON THE DETERMINATION OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL EXPRESSION LEVELS OF GENES ASSOCIATED TO THIS DISEASE IN WHITE CELLS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD.

摘要

The diabetes type 2 (DT2) is a problem of public health in Mexico, which comprises a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemias as a result of defects in the secretion of insulin, the action of the insulin or both. Since the phenotype of the disease is the product of the interaction of different genes with an important influence of the environment of the individual, it is important to study the expression of genes with the purpose of understanding the behavior of this disease, and identifying the differences in the expression levels of the genes and elucidating their participation in said disease, for that reason the present invention describes a diagnosing method useful as a tool for determining patterns of genetic expression in people suffering from diabetes. Up to now, the strategies based on genetic studies for detecting, treating and preventing diabetes have been focused on genome-wide association studies, which involve the scanning of markers in the complete gen ome. This type of studies may only detect a part of the genetic risk unlike the present diagnosis method of DT2, which measures the transcriptional expression levels of genes associated to this disease. The method of the invention for the diagnostic measurement of expression levels of mRNA is based on the PCR technique in real time, which results to be specific, sensitive and with a wide dynamic range, which turns the method into a reliable and suitable form for analyzing the genetic expression in peripheral white blood cells in patients suffering from DT2, being an advantage upon being a non-invasive process. The development of this method includes specific primers for genes with a specific polymorphism. The genes selected for determining the transcriptional expression levels in diabetic patients were ABCA1, ADAMTS9, ADRA1B, ADRB3, CAMK1D, CDC123, JAZF1, LGR5, NOTCH2, PNPT1, TSPAN8 amongst others, where the genes ABCA1, ADAMTS9, CAMK1 D, JAZF1, NAMPT, NOTCH2, PNPT1 and CDC123 contrib uted in a most significant manner to diagnosing DT2 in samples of peripheral white blood cells resulting from diabetic patients in Mexican population.