Synthesis of liquid fuels and chemical compounds from oxygenated hydrocarbons

摘要

A method for preparing C4 + compounds suitable for use in a liquid fuel comprising: providing water and a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon comprising a C1 + O1 + hydrocarbon in aqueous and / or vapor phase faseliquid, where the oxygenated hydrocarbon comprises a selected member of the group consisting of polysaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, cellulose derivatives, lignin derivatives, hemicellulose, sugars, sugar alcohols and mixtures thereof, providing H2, reacting catalytically in the liquid and / or vapor phase the oxygenated hydrocarbon with H2 in the presence of a deoxygenation catalyst at a deoxygenation temperature and a deoxygenation pressure to produce a C1 + O1-3 hydrocarbon oxygenate in a reaction stream, wherein said oxygenate comprises a mixture of at least two of alcohol, ketone, aldehyde , furan, diol, triol, hydroxycarboxylic acid and carboxylic acid, and react cat in the liquid and / or vapor phase, the oxygenate in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce the C4 + compounds by condensation, where the C4 + compounds comprise a member selected from the group consisting of C4 + alcohol , C4 + ketone, C4 + alkane, C4 + alkene, C4 + cycloalkane, C5 + cycloalkene, aryl, fused aryl and a mixture thereof, and where: - the deoxygenation catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst that has one or more materials capable of catalyzing a reaction between hydrogen and the oxygenated hydrocarbon to remove one or more of the oxygen atoms from the oxygenated hydrocarbon to produce alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, furans, carboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, diols and triols, wherein said one or more materials are still attached and comprise Cu, Re, Fe, Ru, Go, Co, Rh, Pt, Pd, Ni, W, Os, Mo, Ag, Au, their alloys or combinations, and where d This support comprises a nitride, carbon, silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, vanadia, ceria, zinc oxide, chromia, boron nitride, heteropoly acids, kieselguhr, hydroxyapatite or their mixtures; and - the condensation catalyst comprises a zeolite and is a catalyst capable of forming longer chain compounds by joining two species containing oxygen through a new carbon carbon bond, and converting the resulting compound into a hydrocarbon, alcohol or ketone.