Provided is a conjugated cam and planetary gear train combined-type pot-grown rice seedling transplanting mechanism. The mechanism comprises a uniform/non-uniform speed driving planetary gear train mechanism (1-1), a conjugated cam swinging mechanism (1-2) and a transplanting arm (1-3). Power drives, through a central shaft (1-4) of the planetary gear train mechanism (1-1), the planetary gear train mechanism (1-1) to rotate. The planetary gear train mechanism (1-1) provides power for the conjugated cam swinging mechanism (1-2) while pulling the transplanting arm (1-3) to move. The conjugated cam swinging mechanism enables a transplanting arm shell (1-15) to rotate relative to a planetary gear (1-8), so that movement of the transplanting arm (1-3) becomes a composition of pulling movement of the planetary gear train mechanism (1-1) and relative rotation, and a sharp point of a seedling clamping piece on the transplanting arm (1-3) forms a movement trajectory in a woodpecker manner. Further provided is a high-speed pot-grown seedling transplanting mechanism of a free second-order noncircular gear planetary system. As driven by the free second-order noncircular gear planetary system, a first seedling claw (2-8) and a second seedling claw (2-8') take two unequal amplitude swings in a cycle, forming a track in a shape of a Chinese character "卜", which has a beak on the right. The transplanting mechanism has the characteristics of strong adaptability, simple structure, low cost, small vibration and high efficiency.
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